The Working Principle of Anern Solar Street Lights

The Role of Solar Panels in Anern Solar Street Lights

The working principle of Anern solar street lights starts with the photoconversion process during the day. The solar panel is the core component of this process, mainly composed of materials such as monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or photovoltaic thin film. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon is 18% - 21%, and polycrystalline silicon is 15% - 19%.

When the solar panel receives sunlight, it converts the solar radiation energy into electrical energy. This is based on the photoelectric effect principle of semiconductors, where photons from the sunlight collide with the semiconductor material in the solar panel, giving electrons in the semiconductor energy, thus forming a current. These electrical energies are then sent to the controller for processing.

Anern Solar Street Lights' Management of Electricity

The controller plays a crucial role in the operation of Anern solar street light. It uses an industrial-grade MCU as the main controller, measuring environmental temperature, detecting the voltage, current, and other parameters of the battery and solar cell modules, and controlling the switching on and off of MOSFET devices to achieve various control and protection functions. The controller can prevent the battery from over-discharging. When the battery charge is low, the controller can manage the power consumption of the load (such as LED lights) to prevent excessive battery discharge and extend the battery's lifespan.

The Function and Selection Principle of Batteries in Anern Solar Street Lights

Since the input energy of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is extremely unstable, a battery system is required to store the electrical energy. Common batteries include lead-acid batteries, Ni-Cd batteries, Ni-H batteries, etc. The selection of battery capacity generally follows certain principles. Firstly, on the premise of meeting nighttime illumination, the energy from the solar panel during the day should be stored as much as possible, while also being able to store enough energy to meet the needs of night lighting during continuous rainy days.

If the battery capacity is too small, it cannot meet the nighttime lighting needs; if the capacity is too large, the battery will always be in a state of undercharge, affecting its lifespan and causing waste. Generally, the battery capacity must be more than six times the daily power consumption of the load, and the voltage of the solar panel should be 20% - 30% higher than the working voltage of the battery to ensure it is charged properly.

Anern Solar Street Lights Controller Control and LED Lighting

At night, when the environment becomes dark, the controller inside the Anern solar street lights will detect the environmental change and automatically switch to lighting mode. The controller discharges the stored energy in the battery through the LED light to achieve illumination. The LED light source has a long lifespan, up to 1,000,000 hours, operates at low voltage, does not need an inverter, and has high luminous efficiency, with domestic products reaching 50 lm/W and imported products reaching 80 lm/W.

Andy Cao

I’m Andy Cao, an energy engineer with over 16 years of hands-on experience in solar inverters, lithium battery energy storage, photovoltaic systems, and solar street lighting. I focus on real-world system performance and write to share practical, experience-based insights for professionals working in the solar energy industry.